What is decreased bone density?
Decreased bone density, also known as osteopenia or osteoporosis, is a medical condition characterized by porous and brittle bones that are more susceptible to fractures. This happens when old bone cells are broken down faster than new bone cells are formed.
Some key points about decreased bone density:
- It often develops without symptoms, so many people don't know they have it until a fall or sudden impact causes a fracture
- Women are at higher risk, especially after menopause when estrogen levels drop
- Major risk factors include:
- Aging
- Family history
- Calcium/vitamin D deficiency
- Sedentary lifestyle
- Excessive alcohol intake
- Smoking
- Fractures often occur in the wrist, spine, or hip
- Screening tests like DXA scans can detect decreased bone density before fractures happen
- Treatment focuses on slowing/preventing further bone loss through lifestyle changes and possibly medications
So in summary - decreased bone density silently develops over time and weakens bones, requiring prevention and early detection to avoid painful fractures. Let's go over some key questions on this topic.
How do you know if you have decreased bone density?
Unfortunately, decreased bone density doesn't cause pain or symptoms until a fracture occurs. The best way to assess bone health is through a bone mineral density (BMD) test using DXA scan technology. BMD tests can identify osteopenia or osteoporosis long before fractures happen. Talk to your doctor about getting screened if you have major risk factors.
What lifestyle changes help manage decreased bone density?
Along with medication if prescribed, making certain lifestyle adjustments can improve bone health: getting adequate calcium and vitamin D daily, participating in weight-bearing and muscle-strengthening exercise, avoiding substance abuse and smoking, and taking steps to reduce fall risks like installing handrails and improving lighting. These proactive changes make a big difference.
What medications treat decreased bone density?
If lifestyle measures aren't enough, common medications used are bisphosphonates like alendronate (Fosamax) and intravenous options like zoledronic acid (Reclast). These can effectively slow bone breakdown and help rebuild bone density over time. Postmenopausal women may also benefit from estrogen therapy. Talk to your doctor about the latest medical treatments that may be appropriate.
The key is being proactive about monitoring bone health instead of waiting for an unexpected fracture. Taking vitamin D, doing weight-bearing exercise, and getting regular BMD screening tests are all important prevention strategies. Know your risks, get the right diagnosis, and follow your doctor's advice for protecting your bones!